从心脏CT报告中获得的CAD-RADS 2.0分类的大型语言模型的性能
Philipp Georg Arnold1, Maximilian Frederik Russe1, Fabian Bamberg1
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany.
Journal of cardiovascular computed tomography
|April 10, 2025
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 可以准确地从心脏CT报告中生成冠状动脉疾病报告和数据系统 (CAD-RADS) 2.0分. 像GPT-4o和Llama3 70b这样的先进模型显示出高性能,提高了报告效率和一致性.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像中的人工智能
- 在医疗保健中的自然语言处理.
- 心血管疾病的诊断 心血管疾病的诊断
背景情况:
- 冠状动脉疾病报告和数据系统 (CAD-RADS) 2.0为心脏CT提供了标准化的解释指南.
- 准确和一致的CAD-RADS 2.0评分对于疾病特征和临床决策至关重要.
- 本研究探讨了使用大型语言模型 (LLM) 来自动化CAD-RADS 2.0从心脏CT报告中的评分.
研究的目的:
- 评估各种最先进的LLM自主生成CAD-RADS 2.0分数的能力.
- 为了评估与专家放射科医生共识相比,LLM生成的得分的准确性.
- 确定LLMs在提高心脏CT报告效率和一致性方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 一个200个心脏CT报告的数据集被策划用于评估.
- 测试了几种LLM,包括GPT-3.5,GPT-4o,Mistral 7b,Mixtral 8×7b,Llama3 8b,Llama3 8b (64k上下文) 和Llama3 70b,这些都是测试的.
- 使用上下文学习,并将生成的分数与两名心胸放射科医生建立的基本真相进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 在生成完整的CAD-RADS 2.0分数方面,GPT-4o和Llama3 70b表现出最高的准确性 (93%和92.5%).
- 混合8×7b实现了78%的准确性,而Llama3 8b显示了41.5%的准确性.
- 像Mistral 7b和GPT-3.5这样的旧型号表现不佳,精度为16%.
结论:
- 特别高级的LLM可以自主生成准确的CAD-RADS 2.0分数,用于心脏CT报告.
- 这种能力可以显著提高心脏CT报告的效率和一致性.
- 开源模型提供了竞争力的准确性和本地托管的优势,解决了数据安全问题.
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