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鼻腔微生物组调节了SARS-CoV-2感染的风险

Daniel E Park¹, Maliha Aziz¹, Juan E Salazar¹

¹Antibiotic Resistance Action Center, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.

|April 10, 2025

概括

鼻腔微生物组通过改变ACE2/TMPRSS2表达来影响COVID-19的风险. 特定的细菌,如金黄色葡萄球菌增加风险,而Dolosigranulum pigrum可能会降低风险,这表明微生物组的修改可以降低感染风险.

科学领域:

微生物学微生物学
病毒学病毒学
免疫学免疫学免疫学

背景情况:

鼻子微生物组在宿主易受呼吸道感染方面发挥着作用.
关键蛋白质如血管素转化酶2 (ACE2) 和跨膜血清蛋白酶2 (TMPRSS2) 促进SARS-CoV-2进入鼻腔细胞.
鼻腔微生物组合的变化可能会影响这些病毒入口蛋白的表达.

研究的目的:

调查鼻腔ACE2和TMPRSS2表达水平是否预测了SARS-CoV-2感染的风险.
为了确定鼻子微生物组的组成是否调节ACE2和TMPRSS2.2.的表达.

主要方法:

回顾性病例对照研究 (横截面和纵向) 使用自收集的鼻子拭子从华盛顿特区的成年人.
通过RT-qPCR测量鼻腔ACE2/TMPRSS2表达.
使用16S rRNA基因测序进行鼻腔微生物组表征.
机器学习和回归分析以评估预测和调制.

主要成果:

鼻腔ACE2/TMPRSS2表达率升高与COVID-19的3.6倍风险增加相关.
对SARS-CoV-2阳性测试的个体在感染前的ACE2/TMPRSS2表达更高,更不稳定.
高密度的金黄色葡萄球菌,Hemophilus influenzae或Moraxella物种与增加的ACE2/TMPRSS2表达有关.
高密度的Dolosigranulum pigrum与ACE2/TMPRSS2表达的降低有关.

结论:

鼻腔微生物组显著影响ACE2 / TMPRSS2表达和成人近期SARS-CoV-2感染风险.
调节鼻腔微生物组是减少COVID-19风险的潜在策略.

关键词:

在ACE2中,ACE2是ACE2.大人的成年人.在 COVID-19 疫情中,这就是Dolosigranulum pigrum的意思.这种病毒是Haemophilus influenzae.莫拉克塞拉 (Moraxella catarrhalis) 是一种有毒的植物.鼻腔微生物组是指鼻腔的微生物组.这就是SARS-CoV-2病毒.黄金葡萄球菌黄金葡萄球菌这就是TMPRSS2的原因.

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