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从1990年到2022年,人类对陆地生态系统的全球范围和修改变化

David M Theobald^1,2, James R Oakleaf³, Glenn Moncrieff⁴

¹Conservation Planning Technologies, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA. dmt@davidmtheobald.com.

Scientific data

|April 10, 2025

概括

工业发展推动了全球生物多样性丧失. 新的数据集显示,43%的土地的人类修改较低,但24%的生态系统在1990-2020年间经历了增加的压力,威胁到保护工作.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
保护科学保护科学
环境科学环境科学

背景情况:

由于工业发展而导致的息地丧失和退化是全球生物多样性丧失的主要驱动因素.
关于人类压力的空间显式数据集对于理解和减轻对生态系统的人为影响至关重要.

研究的目的:

从1990年到2022年,生成全面的,临时解决的数据集,绘制工业活动对陆地生物多样性和生态系统的累积和个体威胁的映射.
评估人类对陆地景观的修改程度和趋势.

主要方法:

利用人类修改框架创建详细,强大的数据集.
绘制了与工业人类活动相关的累积和个人威胁.
分析了从1990年到2022年陆地修饰的时间变化.

主要成果:

在2022年,约43%的陆地土地发生了非常低的变化;27%,20%和10%的土地分别发生了低,中等和高的变化.
目前,近三分之二的生物群和一半的生态区域受到中度改变.
从1990年到2020年,24%的陆地生态系统 (3100万平方公里) 经历了增加的修改.

结论:

陆地生态系统的重要部分面临中度至高度的人类修改,影响生物多样性.
29%的国家和31%的生态区域特别容易受到生物多样性丧失的影响,原因是生物多样性变化增加和保护水平较低.
这些发现强调,迫切需要与全球生物多样性框架一致的保护战略,以应对工业影响.

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