医院出院后支持艾滋病毒感染者的干预措施:系统性审查
Nathan Ford1,2, Ajay Rangaraj1, Joseph N Jarvis3,4
1Department of HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Open forum infectious diseases
|April 11, 2025
概括
艾滋病毒患者的医院后干预措施可能会改善护理联系,减少再入院,但不会显著降低死亡率. 这些策略,包括后续电话和家庭访问,是可行的和具有成本效益的.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 住院患有艾滋病毒相关并发症的人在出院后的死亡率和发病率很高,尤其是在资源有限的环境中.
- 需要有效的干预措施来缓解这些不良结果并改善护理的连续性.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查出院后干预措施对死亡率,再入院和与住院艾滋病毒患者的护理联系的影响.
- 评估这些干预措施的可行性,可接受性和成本效益.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Embase和Cochrane数据库中进行了系统的搜索,直到2024年10月.
- 数据被提取,并由两个独立的审稿人评估偏差风险,对随机对照试验和观察性研究的聚合数据进行元分析.
主要成果:
- 随机对照试验没有显示出死亡率的显著差异,但表明重新入院的潜在减少和关联/留在护理中的改善.
- 观察性研究报告了类似的趋势,没有死亡率影响,但对再入院和护理联系有潜在的好处.
- 干预措施,包括排放前的规划和排放后的后续行动 (例如,家庭访问,电话),被发现在很大程度上是可行的,可以接受的和低成本的.
结论:
- 出院后的干预措施,包括出院前的护理规划和后续支持,可以加强与艾滋病毒护理的联系,并减少住院再接收.
- 目前的证据并没有证明这些干预措施与出院后死亡率的显著降低有关.
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