2018年至2023年在济宁的禽流感病毒的遗传演变和分子特征
Mingsheng Zhao1, Huixin Dou2, Yajuan Jiang2
1Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
Frontiers in microbiology
|April 11, 2025
概括
济宁的禽流感病毒 (H5,H7,H9) 显示出动态进化和遗传多样性. H9N2菌株具有突变,增加了人类感染潜力,需要加强监测.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 禽流感病毒 (AIV) 对家禽健康构成重大威胁,并可能产生动物传染性影响.
- 了解循环AIV亚型的遗传进化和分子特征对于有效的控制策略至关重要.
- 在家禽环境中对AIV的监测提供了对病毒动态和潜在传播途径的见解.
研究的目的:
- 分析H5,H7和H9禽流感病毒亚型的遗传进化和分子特征.
- 从2018年到2023年在济宁对家禽的外部环境进行AIV调查.
- 为预防和控制禽流感提供科学证据.
主要方法:
- 使用实时定量PCR检测环境样本中的H5,H7和H9 AIV亚型.
- 周期值 (CT) 值低于30的阳性样本接受了流感病毒捕获和全基因组测序.
- 用生物信息学软件进行了植物遗传学分析和氨基酸突变部位分析.
主要成果:
- 全基因组测序发现了7种H5N1,4种H5N6,1种H7N9和30种H9N2菌株.
- H5N1菌株与H5N6,H7N9和H9N2亚型的遗传距离更大.
- H5N1,H5N6和H7N9菌株具有高度致病性,而H9N2菌株具有低致病性,但表现出突变 (G186V,A190T,Q226L),增强与人类受体的结合 (α-2,6Gal),表明具有更高的动物感染潜力.
结论:
- 艾滋病毒的H5,H7和H9亚型正在不断演变,具有显著的遗传多样性.
- H9N2亚型的突变表明人类感染的可能性增加.
- 加强对病毒分子进化的监测和对交叉宿主传播的研究对于控制禽流感至关重要.
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