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[有助于儿童形成宪法外源性肥胖的外部因素]
A A Dzhumagaziev1, N M Shilina2, D A Bezrukova1
1Astrakhan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 414000, Astrakhan, Russian Federation.
Voprosy pitaniia
|April 11, 2025
概括
外部因素显著影响儿童肥胖,这是一个越来越令人担忧的问题. 解决可管理的环境,家庭和社会影响是有效预防策略的关键.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 肥胖是一种复杂的多因素疾病,其特点是脂肪组织的过度积累和代谢功能障碍.
- 儿童肥胖是一个重要的公共卫生问题,经常持续到成年.
- 简单的肥胖,与过多的卡路里摄入量和不活动有关,是常见的,具有遗传倾向.
研究的目的:
- 审查和分析现有的关于外部因素的文献,这些因素有助于儿童的宪法外源性肥胖.
- 识别和分类对儿童肥胖发展的关键环境,家庭和社会影响.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,Elsevier,eLibrary,Google Scholar) 中进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 分析了84个来源,优先考虑基于证据的医学,元分析和队列研究.
- 关键词包括"儿童"",肥胖"和"危险因素".
主要成果:
- 外部风险因素被分为家庭/家庭环境 (食习惯,营养文化,生活方式,压力,药物,微生物群),环境 (食物供应,学校环境,体育活动机会) 和系统/政治因素 (社会经济不平等,食品营销,政策).
- 具体的影响包括父母的态度,营养习惯,屏幕时间,睡眠时间,久坐行为,二手烟暴露,心理压力和不健康食品的营销.
- 诸如社会经济差异等因素影响了获得医疗保健,教育和安全资源的机会,影响了从怀孕到青春期的健康结果.
结论:
- 肥胖是一种普遍的现代疾病,受到众多外部风险因素的影响.
- 大多数已识别的外部风险因素是可修改的.
- 了解这些因素对于制定儿童肥胖的有效临床预防策略至关重要.
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