痴呆症中的风险决策:探索神经相关性和相关的临床症状
Molly-Eve Day1, David Foxe2,3, Grace Wei2,3
1College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia.
Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience
|April 11, 2025
概括
患有痴呆症的人表现出各种决策障碍. 更糟糕的风险承担和冷漠与额叶 (轨道前叶皮层) 损伤有关,这表明痴呆症的症状形状不同.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 老年病的医生 老年病的医生
背景情况:
- 对日常生活至关重要的情感决策在痴呆症中经常受到损害.
- 神经支和与神经精神症状的联系,如痴呆症决策缺陷中的抑制和冷漠,仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查痴呆症情感决策缺陷的研究.
- 检查这些缺陷的神经相关性.
- 探索在痴呆症中决策,抑制和冷漠之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 41名行为变异前性痴呆症 (bvFTD) 患者,28名阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 患者和42名对照人完成了气球模拟风险任务 (BART).
- 使用告密者报告评估了抑制和冷漠.
- 结构磁共振成像 (MRI) 用于分析大脑缩模式.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,bvFTD和AD患者都表现出BART功能障碍,具有显著的跨组变异性.
- 降低BART的性能与中部前额和轨道前额皮层的缩相关.
- 集群分析确定了四组患者,他们有不同的BART表现,症状严重程度 (抑制,冷漠) 和大脑缩模式. 值得注意的是,表现最差的BART患者显示出最多的抑制和轨道前皮层缩.
结论:
- 在痴呆症中,情感决策缺陷是异质的.
- 在BART性能,消抑制,冷漠和轨道前皮层缩之间存在显著的关联.
- 了解这些症状概况和神经认知机制可以指导对痴呆症决策受损的管理策略.
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