澳大利亚农村和偏远地区卫生工作人员的可用性和社会经济地位之间的相互联系
Ellen McDonald1, Ross Bailie1, Peter Radchenko2
1School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney. Camperdown, New South Wales.
高社会经济地位的地区显示护士和助产士的缺口增加,而医疗和相关卫生专业人员不受影响. 偏远地区可以更好地获得相关的卫生和护理人员. 这表明有针对性的政策可能会改善某些地点的护士可用性.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 农村卫生工作人员分布 农村卫生工作人员分布
- 健康的社会经济决定因素
背景情况:
- 与城市人口相比,农村和偏远的澳大利亚人面临更大的疾病负担和减少医疗保健的机会.
- 社会经济地位 (SES) 和卫生工作人员短缺严重影响这些地区的健康结果和服务可访问性.
- 了解劳动力分布模式对于解决澳大利亚农村和偏远地区的健康不平等至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析地方政府区域 (LGA) 社会经济地位指标与卫生工作人员可用性之间的关联.
- 调查澳大利亚非大都会地区卫生工作人员分布的模式.
- 加强对影响农村和偏远地区卫生工作人员可用性的因素的理解.
主要方法:
- 关于人口统计,社会经济指标和医疗从业人员,相关卫生工作者和护士/助产士的统计数据来自澳大利亚统计局和澳大利亚卫生和老年护理部.
- 分析的重点是非大都市地方政府地区.
- 用通用估计方程 (GEE-GAMs) 的通用添加模型来评估SES和卫生工作人员赤字之间的关系,使用世界卫生组织的定义.
主要成果:
- 在社会经济地位的提高和护士和助产士缺口的几率之间发现了积极的关联.
- 没有观察到SES和医疗从业人员或相关医疗保健工作者的可用性之间存在显著的关联.
- 与内部区域相比,非常偏远的地区对相关卫生专业人员缺口的可能性较低. 同样,偏远和非常偏远的地区不太可能出现护理和助产人员赤字.
结论:
- 针对基于SES的地区的卫生工作人员政策可能改善了这些地点的护士和助产士的可用性,但对医疗或相关卫生专业人员来说并没有显著改善.
- 需要进一步的研究来评估劳动力政策在解决与SES和偏远相对应的健康需求方面的有效性.
- 研究结果表明,为了优化澳大利亚农村和偏远地区的卫生工作人员分配,需要采取细微的方法.
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