牛奶农场的传统和自动奶系统的用水使用动态
Andrew VanderZaag1, Etienne Le Riche1, Stephen Burtt1
1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A0C6.
Journal of dairy science
|April 11, 2025
概括
牛奶农场的自动化挤奶系统 (AMS) 减少了每头牛和每升牛奶的清洁用水量. 虽然总体用水量增加,但牛奶产量增加,提高了用水效率.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 乳制品科学 乳制品科学
背景情况:
- 乳制品农场越来越多地采用自动化奶系统 (AMS).
- 减少牛奶生产的水足迹是该行业的一个关键目标.
- AMS的清洁程序与传统的挤奶系统 (CMS) 不同,影响了用水量.
研究的目的:
- 在CMS和AMS之间测量和比较整个农场的用水 (饮用水和服务水).
- 评估AMS采用对乳制品养殖中的用水效率的影响.
主要方法:
- 加拿大东部的一个奶牛场从CMS转为AMS,奶牛数量为110-120头.
- 整个农场的用水被分为消费 (饮用) 和清洁 (服务) 水.
- 分析了每头牛和每升生产的牛奶的用水量.
主要成果:
- 采用AMS改变了用水模式,增加了峰值饮用水,但减少了峰值服务水.
- 服务用水的使用量从每头牛的30.9 L·d−1 (CMS) 降至22.5 L·d−1 (AMS).
- 提高了用水效率,服务用水从0.98 L·L−1 (CMS) 减少到0.68 L·L−1 (AMS) 每升牛奶.
- 与CMS (CV=24.8%) 相比,日常服务用水使用与AMS (CV=17.9%) 更一致.
结论:
- 自动奶系统可以提高奶制品生产的用水效率,尽管总体用水量增加了.
- 采用AMS导致每单位牛奶的清洁用水量大幅减少.
- 该研究强调了AMS技术的潜力,有助于实现可持续的奶牛养殖实践.
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