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耳脱差的生理指标与军事人员的倾听力之间的关联退伍军人与正常音频录像

Naomi F Bramhall¹, Brad N Buran², Garnett P McMillan³

¹VA RRD&T National Center for Rehabilitative Auditory Research, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Road/P5, Portland, OR 97239, United States; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, MC L335A, Portland, OR 97239, United States.

Hearing research

|April 12, 2025

概括

耳脱差,影响听觉神经突触,增加了退伍军人的听力,即使听力正常. 这种通过瞳孔膨胀来衡量的努力,补偿了语音信号的退化,掩盖了表现缺陷.

科学领域:

听觉神经科学听觉神经科学
语音感知语音感知
神经成像是一种神经成像.

背景情况:

耳突触,或脱差,将内毛细胞突触与听觉神经纤维联系起来.
假设它会损害语音在噪音中的感知,但人类研究显示出不同的结果.
认知努力可能会弥补差异化,掩盖绩效缺陷.

研究的目的:

研究军事退伍军人的耳脱差和倾听力度的生理指标之间的关系.
评估听力增加是否解释了尽管有差异化,但语音在噪音中的表现仍然存在.

主要方法:

评估的军人退伍军人有正常的听力图,有高风险的噪音引起的脱差.
测量的生理指标:听觉脑干反应 (ABR),信封后反应 (EFR) 和中耳肌反射 (MEMR).
在语音噪音任务中使用瞳孔扩张来评估听力.

主要成果:

减少ABR,EFR和MEMR大小与增加的瞳孔扩张 (倾听力度) 相相关.
语音在噪音中的表现没有显著下降.
在控制性别和外发细胞功能后,ABR减少仍然显著.

结论:

耳失差可能会增加听力努力的语音感知,即使没有性能下降.
增加的听力努力可能会弥补因差异化引起的信号退化.
非线性关系表明,只有在达到脱差值后,努力才会增加.

关键词:

耳退化是一种耳退化.耳突触症 (cochlear synaptopathy) 是一种导致耳突触的疾病.隐性听力损失是一种隐性听力损失.倾听就是一个努力.瞳孔测量术 (pupillometry) 是指用眼睛测量一个孩子的眼睛.在噪音感知中的言语

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相关概念视频

The Cochlea

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.

Hearing

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.