澄清自闭症儿童的手势和以后的词汇之间的发展关联
Dennis Wu1, Luke E Moraglia1, Shruthi Ravi2
1Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Dallas, USA.
Infant behavior & development
|April 12, 2025
概括
早期的手势与典型发育儿童的词汇量增长有关. 然而,这种联系在自闭症儿童和他们的兄弟姐妹中不太清楚,这表明了独特的发展途径.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
背景情况:
- 典型的发育儿童在早期的手势和以后的词汇技能之间显示出强烈的联系.
- 自闭症儿童经常在手势制作和词汇获取方面面临挑战,这导致该人口中关于手势-词汇关系的混合发现.
研究的目的:
- 调查早期手势和随后的词汇发展之间的关系,在婴儿和没有家族史的自闭症.
- 为了检查手势-词汇联系是否在婴儿群体之间有所不同:那些患有自闭症的可能性很高的人 (HL-ASD),那些患有自闭症的可能性很高但没有自闭症诊断的人 (HL-Neg) 和那些患有低可能性的人 (LL-Neg).
主要方法:
- 研究了一大批12至24个月大的婴儿样本 (N=451),使用婴儿-兄弟姐妹设计.
- 线性模型被用来分析三个不同的婴儿群体在12,18和24个月的手势词汇协会.
- 12个月和18个月的手势被评估与18个月和24个月的感受和表达词汇相关.
主要成果:
- 对照组 (LL-Neg) 在所有时间点中始终显示出手势和词汇之间的积极关联.
- 患有自闭症高概率的婴儿 (HL-ASD) 在早期手势和18个月的感受词汇之间显示出积极的关联,但不是表达词汇或后来的词汇量度.
- 患有自闭症的可能性很高但没有诊断的婴儿 (HL-Neg) 在24个月时显示出手势和词汇之间的积极关联,与对照组相似.
结论:
- 该研究强调,早期手势和词汇发展之间的积极关联在患有自闭症家族风险高的婴儿中并不普遍.
- 研究结果表明,手势在支持词汇获取方面的作用可能会在婴儿中减少或改变,后者会发展为自闭症.
- 结果强调了在早期发育中检查手势-词汇关系时考虑家庭风险和诊断状态的重要性.
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