暴露于阿片类药物的早产婴儿的认知,运动和行为结果
Philipp Steinbauer1, Julia Kühnl2, Karin Pichler2
1Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics (CCP), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. philipp.steinbauer@meduniwien.ac.at.
Pediatric research
|April 12, 2025
概括
在早产婴儿中暴露于阿片类药物可能会损害到3岁时的认知和运动发育,但不会显著影响整体行为. 在新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 进行仔细的疼痛管理至关重要.
科学领域:
- 新生儿科学 新生儿科学
- 神经发育儿科 神经发育儿科
- 儿科疼痛管理 儿科疼痛管理
背景情况:
- 过早出生的婴儿经历了许多痛苦的手术,可能会影响神经发育.
- 有效的疼痛管理,包括阿片类药物止痛,对于这个脆弱的人群来说至关重要.
- 在新生儿暴露于阿片类药物后,长期的神经发育结果需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 评估新生儿阿片类药物给药对3岁时认知,运动和行为结果的影响.
- 调查累积阿片类药物暴露与非常和极度早产婴儿的神经发育轨迹之间的关联.
- 提供对新生儿阿片类药物使用对长期儿童发育的微妙影响的见解.
主要方法:
- 在2011-2017年间出生的早产婴儿 (怀孕23-32周) 的回顾性,单中心研究.
- 在3岁时进行后续检查,以贝利婴儿发育量表 (BSID) 评估认知和运动技能.
- 使用儿童行为检查清单 (CBCL) 评估的行为结果.
主要成果:
- 包括333名早产婴儿:214名非阿片类药物组,119名阿片类药物组.
- 在各组之间观察到认知 (p=0.001) 和运动得分 (p=0.001) 的显著差异.
- 行为结果通常是正常的,尽管阿片类药物组的抑郁得分更高.
结论:
- 累积的新生儿阿片类药物暴露与3年校正年龄的认知和运动发育水平较差有关.
- 3年后的整体行为结果没有受到新生儿阿片类药物暴露的显著影响.
- 调查结果强调,需要在新生儿重症监护室明智地使用阿片类药物,平衡疼痛控制与潜在的发育风险.
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