感知种族主义,大脑发育,以及内化和外化症状:来自ABCD研究的发现
Shanting Chen1, Catalina Lopez-Quintero1, Amanda Elton1
1University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
概括
种族歧视影响青少年的大脑发育,改变神经连接和心理健康结果,特别是在女性中. 这些发现突显了歧视造成的慢性压力对性别特异性的神经生物学影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 种族歧视是少数民族年轻人面临的重大压力因素,导致健康差距.
- 歧视造成的慢性压力会对大脑发育和心理健康产生负面影响.
- 了解神经生物学途径对于解决这些差异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查神经生物学机制,将感知到的种族歧视与种族/少数民族青年的心理和行为健康结果联系起来.
- 调查歧视如何影响大脑发育,特别是皮下区域和大规模大脑网络的休息状态功能连接.
- 为了确定大脑变化是否会对内化或外化症状产生性别特异性影响.
主要方法:
- 在青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究中,分析了3321名种族/少数民族青年的数据.
- 利用倾向分数加权的机器学习来评估歧视对大脑连接的两年影响.
- 员工调解分析以评估性别特异性对内化/外化症状的影响.
主要成果:
- 感知到的歧视与核,杏仁体和海马体的连接性在两年内发生的显著变化有关.
- 观察到核和杏仁核的连接性下降,海马连接性增加,表明成熟加速.
- 发现性别差异:与歧视相关的核变化与女性内化症状相关.
结论:
- 在青少年时期感知到的种族歧视会影响皮层下皮层大脑发育.
- 这些神经生物学变化会影响心理和行为健康结果.
- 歧视对大脑发育和随后的心理健康的影响是性别特异的.
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