融入到自然的场景:服务于视觉搜索的皮质区域在一致的环境中被更强烈地激活
Ilenia Salsano1, Nathan M Petro1, Giorgia Picci2
1Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States; Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States.
NeuroImage
|April 13, 2025
概括
对于意想不到的对象,视觉搜索更快,但脑部扫描显示,对预期的对象,使用了更多的上下注意力. 这揭示了我们的大脑如何在复杂的环境中平衡焦点.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 视觉感知 视觉感知 视觉感知
- 注意力研究研究研究研究
背景情况:
- 视觉注意力平衡了自上而下的和自下而上的机制,以导航复杂的环境.
- 对注意力中的对象-上下文关系的研究显示了关于处理速度的相互矛盾的发现.
- 以前的研究经常使用非生态刺激,限制了现实世界的适用性.
研究的目的:
- 用视觉搜索任务在自然环境中调查对象-上下文一致性效应.
- 在现实世界中处理场景时检查视觉注意力的行为和神经相关性.
- 了解自上而下的和自下而上的注意力机制之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 采用了以自然主义室内场景为导向目标的视觉搜索任务.
- 使用功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 记录71名健康成年人的大脑活动.
- 收集行为数据 (准确性,响应时间) 并使用标准管道分析fMRI数据.
主要成果:
- 对不一致的对象-上下文试验的响应时间比对一致的试验更快.
- 一致的试验显示,背部前侧双侧注意网络和前神经的激活更大.
- 不一致的试验可能受益于由于方案违规而迅速吸引注意力.
结论:
- 现实世界的视觉搜索涉及到自上而下的和自下而上的注意力之间的灵活相互作用.
- 以图表为指导的自上而下的流程在一致的环境中占主导地位,从而促进了目标检测.
- 不一致的背景引发了快速的注意力捕捉,导致更快的反应.
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