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与痴呆和轻度认知障碍中晚期相关的危险因素
Ifrah Zawar1, Mark Quigg1,2, Emily L Johnson3
1Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville.
JAMA neurology
|April 14, 2025
概括
晚发性 (LOE) 的风险在认知能力下降的人中增加. 诸如APOE4等位基因,早期痴呆发作,中风和帕金森病等因素与发展LOE有关.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 老年病的医生 老年病的医生
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 晚发性 (LOE) 的风险在60岁后显著增加,特别是在认知能力下降 (PWCD) 的人群中.
- 与PWCD中较差的认知和死亡结果有关,强调了早期检测的必要性.
- 识别面临 LOE 风险的个体,可以及时进行查和干预.
研究的目的:
- 研究与认知衰退 (PWCD) 患者晚发性 (LOE) 发展相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 一项纵向的多中心研究分析了来自39个美国阿尔茨海默氏病研究中心的14685个PWCD的数据.
- 参与者年龄在60岁或以上,没有先前的,并随着时间的推移进行了跟踪.
- 多变量考克斯回归评估了各种因素 (遗传学,并发症,认知,生活方式) 与LOE发展之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 在14685名参与者中,221名 (1.5%) 患有LOE.
- 与LOE相关的风险因素包括APOE4等位基因,60岁前痴呆发作,认知恶化,阿尔茨海默病痴呆症,中风/暂时性缺血性发作 (TIA) 和帕金森病.
- 敏感性分析证实了这些关联与另一个LOE定义 (65后开始).
结论:
- APOE4等位基因,早期痴呆发作,阿尔茨海默病痴呆症,认知障碍,中风/TIA和帕金森病是PWCD中LOE的重要危险因素.
- 呈现这些风险因素的PWCD可能会从常规电脑图查中受益,以早期检测LOE.
- 在风险PWCD中早期识别和管理LOE可能会改善认知和死亡的结果.
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