在住院婴儿中侵袭性黄金葡萄球菌感染的流行病学和死亡率
Maria Rain Jennings1, Nora Elhaissouni1,2, Elizabeth Colantuoni2
1Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
JAMA pediatrics
|April 14, 2025
概括
晚期发病的侵袭性金黄色葡萄球菌感染不成比例地影响新生儿重量非常低 (VLBW) 的婴儿在NICU,导致死亡率增加. 针对性预防策略对于这个脆弱人群至关重要.
科学领域:
- 新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 的研究.
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 儿科重症监护医药 儿科重症监护医药
背景情况:
- 从历史上看,金黄色葡萄球菌一直是新生儿重症监护室婴儿发病率和死亡率的主要原因.
- 目前住院婴儿中晚期发病的入侵性黄金色杆菌感染的发病率和死亡率尚未得到充分确立.
研究的目的:
- 估计美国住院婴儿中晚期侵袭性黄金葡萄球菌感染的发生率.
- 确定住院婴儿中因这些感染而导致的死亡率.
主要方法:
- 使用模拟试验设计进行回顾性队列研究.
- 分析了2016年至2021年间美国315个NICU的全国样本数据.
- 包括出生后至少4天的婴儿,重点关注出生体重和出生后年龄作为主要暴露.
主要成果:
- 观察到每1万名婴儿中总发病率为37.6例入侵性金黄色细菌感染.
- 非常低出生体重 (VLBW) 婴儿 (<1500g) 的发病率比重≥1500g的婴儿高出20倍.
- 侵入性感染与5.3%的绝对死亡率增加有关,大多数死亡发生在VLBW婴儿中.
结论:
- 晚期发病的侵袭性金黄色细菌感染不成比例地影响VLBW婴儿,大大增加了死亡率.
- 有针对性的感染预防和控制措施至关重要,以减少高风险新生儿群体中S. aureus感染的负担.
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