标志性作为词典的一个组织原则的标志性
Erin E Campbell1, Zed Sevcikova Sehyr2, Elana Pontecorvo1
1Deaf Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215.
概括
这项研究揭示了标志性,词形和意义之间的相似性,驱动着语言中的系统性. 这种非任意关系在美国手语 (ASL) 中尤其普遍,影响了跨语言的单词结构.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 传统观点认为语言是任意的,将人类语言与动物交流区分开来.
- 系统性,即语义和语音结构之间的对齐,是语言的一个关键特征.
- 标志性,形式和意义之间的感知相似性,已被探索为语言结构的一个因素.
研究的目的:
- 在美国手语 (ASL),英语和西班牙语中调查语义和语音结构 (系统性) 之间的对齐.
- 确定标志性在口语和手语的系统性中的作用.
- 探索标志性如何影响语言的词典和理论.
主要方法:
- 在ASL,英语和西班牙语中对语义和语音关系进行比较分析.
- 系统性的量化和标志性对词的形态意义对齐的影响.
- 词汇分析侧重于标志性关系的普遍性.
主要成果:
- 语义上相关的单词在所有三个语言中都表现出更高的语音相关性.
- 标志性显著增强语义相关单词的语音相关性.
- 标志性是ASL中普遍存在的现象,其中一半的标志显示了非任意的形式-含义关系.
结论:
- 标志性是口语和手语系统性的重要推动力.
- 语言在标志性结构词典的程度上有所不同.
- 语言理论必须纳入标志性作为词典的潜在组织原则.
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