主要基于植物的饮食对内脏脂肪的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Vinu Vij1, Kalyani Deshmukh2, Mathavaswami Vijayageetha3
1Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India.
概括
主要以植物为基础的饮食 (PPBD) 显示了减少内脏脂肪 (VF) 的趋势,这是代谢障碍的关键因素. 虽然证据有限,但坚持像地中海饮食这样的饮食与较低的VF有关.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 代谢健康 代谢健康
- 饮食干预 饮食干预
背景情况:
- 内脏脂肪 (VF) 积累是代谢障碍的重要危险因素,包括2型糖尿病和心血管疾病.
- 主要以植物为基础的饮食 (PPBDs) 与改善的身体组成和代谢健康有关.
- 了解PPBD对VF的影响对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析以植物为主的饮食 (PPBDs) 对内脏脂肪 (VF) 的影响.
- 综合各种研究设计的证据,包括横截面研究和随机对照试验 (RCT).
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,EMBASE,Scopus,Web of Science,Cochrane Library) 进行系统的文献搜索,截至2024年11月.
- 包括13项研究 (10项截面研究,2项RCT,1项非随机干预) 涉及4000名参与者.
- 使用随机效应模型的元分析;评估了偏差和异质性的风险.
主要成果:
- 随机对照试验 (RCT) 表明,使用PPBDs减少内脏脂肪的趋势 (汇总平均差异:-177.99cm3).
- 横截面研究表明,在高度遵守地中海饮食的情况下,VF显著降低 (SMD: -0.45),在素食饮食中则略有降低 (SMD: -0.24).
- 敏感性分析支持了这些发现,但证据的整体确定性被评为非常低.
结论:
- 主要基于植物的饮食 (PPBD) 似乎与减少内脏脂肪 (VF) 和改善代谢健康有关.
- 目前的证据基础有限,证据的确定性非常低.
- 需要进一步进行高质量,强大的随机对照试验 (RCT) 来证实这些关联.
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