相关实验视频
Updated: May 13, 2025

05:12
Swimming Performance Assessment in Fishes
Published on: May 20, 2011
25.5K
在呼吸暂停下水下游泳的能量
Giovanni Vinetti1,2, Anna Taboni1,3, Nazzareno Fagoni1
1Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, ITALY.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise
|April 15, 2025
概括
这项研究测量了带的动态呼吸暂停 (DYN) 的能量成本,发现有氧效率和能量成本对表现同样重要. 节省氧气储备是最大化DYN距离的关键.
科学领域:
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 自由潜水的性能分析.
背景情况:
- 带的动态呼吸暂停 (DYN) 是一种自由潜水学科,运动员只用身体的氧气和无氧能量游泳尽可能长的距离.
- 每单位距离 (C) 的能源成本是DYN性能的一个关键因素,但它以前没有得到量化.
- 了解有氧 (EO2),无氧乳酸 (ELɑ) 和无氧乳酸 (EPCr) 源的能量贡献对于优化DYN性能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了测量每单位距离 (C) 的能量成本,在带的动态呼吸暂停 (DYN) 中.
- 为了确定DYN.期间的有氧 (EO 2),无氧乳酸 (ELɑ) 和无氧乳酸 (EPCr) 的能量贡献.
- 调查这些能源因素与DYN性能之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 22名自由潜水员在50米游泳池中进行了50米和100米的DYN游泳.
- 净能源成本 (C) 用氧气负债和血液乳酸盐测量来计算.
- 根据血红蛋白质量和肺总容量估计了有氧 (EO2) 和无氧 (ELɑ,EPcr) 能量贡献.
主要成果:
- 对于50米和100米的DYN游泳,能源成本 (C) 类似.
- 与单相比,双导致更高的能源成本 (C).
- 个人最佳DYN表现与有氧效率 (EO 2) 相比,与能源成本 (C) 相比,更强烈地相关.
- 分量的有氧贡献 (EO2) 随着距离的增长而减少,而无氧的乳酸 (ELɑ) 贡献从50m显著增加到100m.
结论:
- DYN的能源成本相当于在类似的速度上用翅膀在表面游泳.
- 在更远的距离 (100米),无氧乳酸 (ELɑ) 和乳酸 (EPcr) 的能量贡献不成比例地高,可能是由于潜水反应.
- 优化有氧效率 (节省EO2) 与最大限度地降低能源成本 (C) 一样重要,以实现最高DYN性能.
相关概念视频
Alterations in Respiration II
785
There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes...
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes...
785
Mechanism of Breathing III: The Accessory Muscles
1.7K
The Role of Accessory Muscles in the Respiratory System
The respiratory system is a complex network that relies on primary respiratory muscles like the diaphragm, but also involves accessory muscles to enhance lung expansion and airflow during both inhalation and exhalation.
Enhancing Inhalation with Accessory Muscles:
Accessory muscles such as the sternocleidomastoid, scalene, intercostal, and abdominal muscles are crucial when additional respiratory effort is required, such as during deep...
The respiratory system is a complex network that relies on primary respiratory muscles like the diaphragm, but also involves accessory muscles to enhance lung expansion and airflow during both inhalation and exhalation.
Enhancing Inhalation with Accessory Muscles:
Accessory muscles such as the sternocleidomastoid, scalene, intercostal, and abdominal muscles are crucial when additional respiratory effort is required, such as during deep...
1.7K
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I
780
Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...
780
Energy Supply for Muscle Contraction
2.8K
Skeletal muscle fibers have the unique ability to switch between rest and contraction states, using different sources of ATP for energy. The contraction cycle and Ca2+ transport back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum for relaxation require significant ATP. However, the ATP reserves in muscle fibers are limited and can only sustain contractions for a few seconds. Additional ATP production becomes necessary for prolonged contractions. As a result, muscle fibers generate ATP through various sources,...
2.8K
Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation
918
Hyperventilation refers to a higher-than-normal rate and depth of breathing, often associated with anxiety attacks. This excessive breathing surpasses the body's need to expel CO2, leading to a condition known as hypocapnia - an unusually low level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Hypocapnia can constrict cerebral blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the brain, which may result in dizziness or fainting. Early signs include tingling and muscle spasms in the hands and face, caused by falling...
918
Other Factors Affecting Respiration Centers
723
Breathing is primarily an involuntary activity regulated by the brainstem respiratory centers. However, it can also be consciously controlled, allowing us to hold our breath or take deeper breaths when needed. This voluntary control is facilitated by the cerebral motor cortex, which bypasses the medullary centers to stimulate the respiratory muscles directly.
However, the ability to hold one's breath voluntarily is not limitless. When the CO2 concentration in the blood reaches a critical...
However, the ability to hold one's breath voluntarily is not limitless. When the CO2 concentration in the blood reaches a critical...
723

