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饮食中的胆固醇摄入量和食时间以及脑血管疾病死亡率
Wanying Hou1,2, Zhen Tian1, Jiawei Fu3
1Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China. changhaosun2002@163.com.
Food & function
|April 15, 2025
概括
饮食中的胆固醇时间对脑血管疾病 (CBD) 死亡率很重要. 晚餐中度胆固醇摄入量,而不是早餐,与老年人CBD风险降低有关.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心血管疾病研究研究
背景情况:
- 最近的指导方针变更取消了饮食胆固醇限制,引发了关于其在脑血管疾病 (CBD) 中的作用的辩论.
- 饮食中的胆固醇数量和饮食时间对CBD死亡率的影响仍未得到充分研究.
- 了解这些关联对于公共卫生建议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究饮食中的胆固醇量,食时间和老年人中CBD死亡率之间的关系.
- 分析来自美国国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) (2003-2018) 的数据.
- 澄清胆固醇摄入模式对脑血管健康的重要性.
主要方法:
- 来自NHANES (2003-2018) 的7906名老年人 (年龄大于50岁) 的前性队列研究.
- 饮食摄入量通过两个24小时回忆评估,分为五分之一.
- 分析胆固醇摄入的餐时间;测量血清胆固醇水平;用于模拟死亡风险的考克斯回归.
主要成果:
- 在15年的时间里,107名参与者死于CBD.
- 饮食总胆固醇 (CHO-T) 和早餐胆固醇 (CHO-B) 与CBD死亡率没有显著关联.
- 晚餐 (CHO-D) 和早餐 (CHO-B) (ΔCHO) 中胆固醇的较高差异与较低的CBD死亡率非线性相关 (HR 0.45;95%CI 0.21-0.97).
结论:
- 与早餐相比,晚餐中适度的饮食胆固醇消费与CBD死亡风险降低有关.
- 饮食中每日总胆固醇量与CBD死亡率没有显著的关联.
- 这些发现表明,饮食中的胆固醇对脑血管健康的影响的关键因素是饮食时间,而不仅仅是数量.
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