在极端老年和阿尔茨海默病中,认知特征的明显模式
Yoshinori Nishimoto1,2, Takashi Sasaki2, Yukiko Abe2
1Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
概括
百岁老人的认知表现与阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 不同. 百岁老人保持遵循指令的能力,与AD患者不同,与这种认知特征发现的遗传联系.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 在极端老年时的认知衰退与阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 不同.
- 了解百岁老人的认知特征对于区分正常衰老和病态状况至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较百岁老人和阿尔茨海默病患者之间的认知表现.
- 为了确定与极端老年人的认知性相关的遗传因素.
主要方法:
- 对比了638名百岁老人 (100-115岁) 与208名阿尔茨海默病患者和221名阿尔茨海默病患者的认知特征.
- 利用迷你心理状态检查 (MMSE) 并评估了遵循三个连续命令的能力.
- 进行了量化全基因组关联研究 (GWAS).
主要成果:
- 与AD患者相比,百岁老人表现得更好,在跟随连续三个命令时表现得更好.
- 阿波利波蛋白E (APOE) ε4基因对百岁以上的人的MMSE得分没有影响.
- 通过GWAS确定了两个遗传位置,与维持遵循命令的能力有关.
结论:
- 百岁老人的认知表型与阿尔茨海默病患者的认知表型有很大不同.
- 遵循连续指令的能力是百岁老人保留的认知特征,将他们与AD区分开来.
- GWAS成功地确定了与百岁老人的认知功能保持相关的单核酸多态 (SNPs).
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