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Probability Histograms01:17

Probability Histograms

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A probability histogram is a visual representation of a probability distribution. Similar a typical histogram, the probability histogram consists of contiguous (adjoining) boxes. It has both a horizontal axis and a vertical axis. The horizontal axis is labeled with what the data represents. The vertical axis is labeled with probability. Each rectangular bar in the histogram is 1 unit wide, which suggests that the area under each bar equals the probability, P(x), where x is 1, 2, 3, and so on.
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Probability in Statistics01:14

Probability in Statistics

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Probability is the likelihood of an event occurring. The term event is defined as a collection of results of a procedure. An event is a simple event when an outcome cannot be divided into simpler parts.
An example of a simple event is a coin toss. The result of a coin toss is either a head or a tail. Here, head and tail are two simple events. These two simple events make up the sample space. Further, the probability of an event occurring falls within the range of 0 to 1. The probability of an...
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Probability Distributions01:32

Probability Distributions

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 The probability of a random variable x  is the likelihood of its occurrence. A probability distribution represents the probabilities of a random variable using a formula, graph, or table. There are two types of probability distribution– discrete probability distribution and continuous probability distribution.
A discrete probability distribution is a probability distribution of discrete random variables. It can be categorized into binomial probability distribution and Poisson...
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The Availability Heuristic01:08

The Availability Heuristic

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A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
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Random Variables01:09

Random Variables

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A random variable is a single numerical value that indicates the outcome of a procedure. The concept of random variables is fundamental to the probability theory and was introduced by a Russian mathematician, Pafnuty Chebyshev, in the mid-nineteenth century.
Uppercase letters such as X or Y denote a random variable. Lowercase letters like x or y denote the value of a random variable. If X is a random variable, then X is written in words, and x is given as a number.
For example, let X = the...
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Probability Laws01:49

Probability Laws

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相关实验视频

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Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study
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在活动计划的时空镜内访问概率和可访问性.

Jing Lyu1, Feixiong Liao1, Soora Rasouli1

  • 1Urban Planning and Transportation Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.

International journal of geographical information science : IJGIS
|April 16, 2025
PubMed
概括

本研究引入了概率空间-时间镜 (STP) 以更好地测量可访问性,超越二进制假设. 新模型考虑了个体旅行差异,并提供了更全面的评估到达机会.

科学领域:

  • 运输 地理 交通 地理
  • 城市规划 城市规划
  • 人类流动性研究 人类流动性研究

背景情况:

  • 传统的时空镜 (STP) 模型经常使用二进制可访问性,假设镜内有平等的访问权限,没有外部访问权限.
  • 现有的概率STP模型主要集中在旅行级别分析上,限制了它们在全面的可访问性测量中的应用.
  • 在目前的STP框架中,旅行行为和活动参与的个体异质性没有得到充分的解决.

研究的目的:

  • 为日常活动计划构建和估计概率空间-时间镜 (STP) 提出一种新型模型框架.
  • 开发一个时空可访问性测量方法,将从概率性的STP中得出的访问概率纳入其中.
  • 通过使用隐性类型模型来考虑旅行和活动参与中的个人异质性.

主要方法:

  • 开发了一个基于多州超级网络的模型框架,以构建概率性的STP.
  • 采用隐性类型模型来估计概率的STP,捕捉出行和活动参与的个体差异.
  • 提出了一个新的时空可访问性测量方法,将从概率性STP中集成访问概率.

主要成果:

  • 拟议的模型框架有效地构建和估计概率STP,在日常活动计划中捕捉细微的可访问性.
  • 潜阶级模型成功地解释了个人在旅行和活动参与中的异质性.
关键词:
可访问性 可访问性移动性轨迹的移动性轨迹多国家超级网络.空间时间镜.访问概率 访问概率

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  • 访问概率模型准确地表示了概率的STP内部,并与现实世界的移动数据进行了验证.

    • 结论:

    • 与二进制模型相比,概率STP框架提供了更现实的可访问性表示.
    • 拟议的时空可访问性测量提供了一个全面的机会访问评估,考虑活动链和个人行为.
    • 这种方法增强了我们对个人如何在空间和时间中导航,以获得复杂城市环境中的机会的理解.