在哈基姆病和阿尔茨海默病和轻度认知障碍之间,区域大脑体积的变化与阿尔茨海默病和轻度认知障碍相比
Shigeki Yamada1,2, Takuya Yuzawa3, Hirotaka Ito3
1Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan.
Brain communications
|April 16, 2025
概括
异常性正常压力水头 (哈基姆病) 由于脑脊液 (CSF) 的压缩,导致额叶和顶叶体积损失. 然而,阿尔茨海默病导致叶缩,特别是在海马体.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 异常性正常压力水头 (哈基姆病) 是由心室扩大和不成比例地扩大的脑下节空间水头,导致局部的大脑变形.
- 从阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 到哈基姆病的区域大脑体积变化,混合的哈基姆病和AD,以及轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的区别对于了解疾病特异性机制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 识别和比较哈基姆病,AD,混合哈基姆病和AD以及MCI与认知健康个体之间的脑体积变化的疾病特异性模式.
- 利用基于人工智能的高级大脑细分工具进行精确的体积分析.
主要方法:
- 分析了970名参与者的队列,包括患有哈基姆病 (n=52),AD (n=256) 的患者,混合的哈基姆病和AD (n=25),MCI (n=163),健康的对照 (n=474).
- 使用基于人工智能的脑子子区域分析处理3D T1加权的MRI,将内空间划分为100个脑子和7个CSF子区域.
- 在使用Glass's Δ的组中,与年龄≥50岁的400名健康对照组进行了体积比较.
主要成果:
- 哈基姆病显示,额叶上边缘环和额叶对中心环的体积显著减少.
- 阿尔茨海默病在海马体和叶中表现出显著的体积损失,包括脑内皮质,状环和下环.
- 混合的哈基姆病和AD表现出与哈基姆病类似的叶体积减少,与AD相比,叶体积相对保持良好. 年龄≥70岁的MCI患者的区域大脑体积与年龄相匹配的健康对照组相比较.
结论:
- 哈基姆病和混合的哈基姆病和AD的特点是由于扩大的脑下空间与水脑相关的压缩而导致额叶和叶叶体积减少.
- 阿尔茨海默病的特点是叶缩.
- 这些明显的形态变化强调了需要进行纵向研究,以阐明压缩和缩的因果机制.
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