在印度,患有自闭症的家族概率较高的婴儿中,护理人员与婴儿的相互作用
Malavi Srikar1, Shoba S Meera1, Reny Raju1
1Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
Infant behavior & development
|April 16, 2025
概括
在印度,患有自闭症的可能性较高的婴儿 (EL-A) 与典型的可能性 (TL) 婴儿相比,表现出不太敏感的照顾者反应能力和心理刺激. 这些发现凸显了南亚家庭早期干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 跨文化心理学 跨文化心理学
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
背景情况:
- 前性研究表明,自闭症可能性较高 (EL-A) 和典型可能性 (TL) 婴儿之间的护理者与婴儿相互作用 (CII) 有差异.
- 这些互动差异在第一个生日之前就出现了,并且可以影响社会沟通能力的发展.
- 以前对CII的研究主要集中在西方人群上,忽视了父母的文化差异.
研究的目的:
- 通过比较印度的EL-A和TL婴儿来调查CII的文化变异性.
- 为了确定CII的总体特征是否在南亚背景下在EL-A和TL婴儿之间有所不同.
- 评估CII与家长报告的婴儿游戏和休活动之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 一项比较研究涉及印度33名9-15个月龄的EL-A和15名TL婴儿.
- 护理人员与婴儿的自由游戏互动被视频录制并使用曼彻斯特护理人员与儿童互动-婴儿评估 (MACI) 进行评级.
- 进行了年龄控制的分析,以比较EL-A和TL组之间的CII特征.
主要成果:
- 与TL婴儿相比,EL-A婴儿表现出明显较低的敏感反应能力和心理刺激.
- 两组之间在护理人员指导力或婴儿/腹性MACI得分方面没有发现显著差异.
- 照顾者敏感的反应和心理刺激与父母报告的婴儿游戏和休积极相关,支持生态有效性.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了第一个来自南亚背景的证据,部分复制了以前关于EL-A婴儿中CII差异的发现.
- 建议印度家庭采取针对护理人员与婴儿互动的早期预防性干预措施.
- 增强响应性和刺激性社交互动对于支持风险婴儿早期发育至关重要.
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