用于预防抗微生物药物耐药性的诊断人工智能的广泛采用障碍
Hiromu Ito1, Takayuki Wada2,3, Genki Ichinose4
1Department of International Health and Medical Anthropology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan. ito.hiromu@nagasaki-u.ac.jp.
Scientific reports
|April 16, 2025
概括
公众对医疗保健中人工智能 (AI) 的偏好揭示了个人需求和全球抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 威胁之间的冲突. 人工智能在公共卫生领域的社会接受需要平衡个性化护理与迫切需要打击AMR.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 抗微生物药物耐药性 (AMR) 是一个重大的全球公共卫生威胁,因抗微生物药物的过度使用而加剧.
- 围绕AMR的伦理考虑可能会阻碍人工智能 (AI) 等先进技术的整合到医疗保健中.
- 了解公众的看法对于成功实施人工智能来应对公共卫生挑战至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响在AMR的背景下采用诊断AI的伦理困境.
- 评估公众对医疗保健环境中不同人工智能方法的偏好.
- 探索公众对人工智能在公共卫生方面的论的人口变化.
主要方法:
- 在八个国家/地区进行了基于网络的调查.
- 参与者被介绍了两个假设的AI场景:一个优先考虑个人健康,另一个解决全球AMR威胁.
- 分析了公众的偏好,包括对人工智能标准化的态度,并关注性别和年龄人口统计数据.
主要成果:
- 社会倾向于利用以个人为中心和以全球AMR为中心的AI类型,这表明个人和集体健康优先事项之间的复杂平衡.
- 基于性别和年龄,观察到人工智能偏好存在显著差异.
- 大多数受访者反对人工智能在治疗方案中的标准化.
结论:
- 人工智能融入抗抗菌药物耐药性公共卫生战略面临挑战,原因是公众的情绪矛盾.
- 公众的接受和道德考虑对于有效地部署人工智能来解决像AMR这样的全球健康问题至关重要.
- 未来的人工智能开发和实施必须考虑各种公共偏好和伦理细微差别,以确保成功的公共卫生结果.
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