饮食质量和粮食安全的差异跨越种族-移民地位和美国出生地
Abiodun T Atoloye1, Francis Tayie2, Sherif O Olasoji3
1Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences, Utah State University, 8700 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322 - 8700, USA. abiodun.atoloye@usu.edu.
Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities
|April 16, 2025
概括
某些种族和移民群体在美国面临更高的粮食不安全风险. 移民通常表现出比美国出生的个人更好的饮食质量,这强调了需要公平的营养干预措施的需要.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 粮食安全和饮食质量是关键的公共卫生问题.
- 种族和移民身份显著影响美国的健康结果.
- 了解种族,移民和营养之间的相互作用对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查种族移民身份,美国居住时间 (出生),饮食质量和粮食安全状态之间的关联.
- 为了确定特定的人口群体在粮食不安全和较差的饮食质量更高的风险.
- 为制定文化敏感和公平的营养政策提供信息.
主要方法:
- 美国国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 数据 (2017-2020) 的分析,来自6933名美国成年人.
- 参与者按种族移民身份 (美国出生的/移民,种族/种族) 和美国出生 (居住时间) 进行分类.
- 逻辑和线性回归模型用于评估与粮食安全和饮食质量 (健康饮食指数-2015) 的关联.
主要成果:
- 美国出生的西班牙裔,多种族人士和移民西班牙裔与美国出生的白人相比,粮食不安全的几率大约是两倍.
- 美国出生的黑人与美国出生的白人相比,粮食不安全的几率是美国出生的黑人的1.5倍.
- 居住在美国<5年和>30年的人群中,粮食不安全性较高.
- 与美国出生的白人和本地人相比,移民的整体饮食质量优越 (p < 0.001).
结论:
- 种族和移民因素,以及美国居住时间,是粮食安全和饮食质量的重要决定因素.
- 有针对性的营养干预措施是必要的,以解决差异,并促进平等获得营养食品.
- 跨文化学习和饮食实践的交流可以提高公共卫生结果.
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