对于乳腺癌诊断,具有差异隐私的联合学习,可实现安全的数据共享和模型完整性
Shubhi Shukla1, Suraksha Rajkumar2, Aditi Sinha2
1School of Electrical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India.
Scientific reports
|April 16, 2025
概括
具有差异隐私 (DP) 的联合学习 (FL) 能够通过在机构之间培训模型来安全检测乳腺癌,而无需共享原始患者数据. 这种保护隐私的AI方法可以实现高准确度,同时保护敏感的健康信息.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 机器学习用于瘤学
背景情况:
- 在数字时代,保护隐私对于敏感的健康数据至关重要.
- 联合学习 (FL) 允许在不集中原始患者数据的情况下进行协作模型培训.
- 不同隐私 (DP) 通过在模型更新中添加噪音来增强安全性,减轻数据泄露和对抗性攻击.
研究的目的:
- 整合联合学习 (FL) 和差异隐私 (DP) 以提高乳腺癌检测.
- 解决隐私保护人工智能的挑战,包括数据异质性,隐私准确性权衡和计算需求.
- 用威斯康星诊断乳腺癌数据集评估拟议的FL-DP模型的性能和隐私保证.
主要方法:
- 实施了联邦学习框架,用于在多个医疗保健实体中进行分散的模型培训.
- 集成差别隐私机制将统计噪音注入模型更新中,确保数据匿名化.
- 利用威斯康星州乳腺癌诊断数据集来训练和验证隐私保护模型.
主要成果:
- 该FL-DP模型实现了96.1%的准确性,隐私预算 (ε) 为1.9,证明了强大的隐私保护.
- 提出的方法有效地平衡了数据保护,对预测性能的影响最小.
- 传统的非FL模型实现了96.0%的准确性,但需要集中数据,这带来了严重的隐私风险.
结论:
- 联合学习与差异隐私相结合,为在临床环境中保护隐私的人工智能提供了可行的解决方案.
- 该研究验证了FL-DP在保持严格数据保护标准的同时,可靠的医学预测的潜力.
- 这种方法有效地减轻了与集中式健康数据存储和处理相关的隐私风险.
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