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量化美国内西部农村牧场建筑环境的野火风险
Devan McGranahan1, Carissa Wonkka2
1USDA-ARS Fort Keogh Livestock and Range Research Laboratory, Miles City, MT, USA.
概括
野火风险正在扩大到农村牧场,形成一个偏远且容易受到木材侵占的野地-城市接口 (WUI). 这就需要在传统的城市区域之外制定新的野火管理策略.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 林业林业 林业 林业 林业
背景情况:
- 野火风险在野地城市界面 (WUI) 正在增加,特别是随着人类人口扩大到牧场.
- 传统上对森林WUI的关注忽视了牧场的重大风险,特别是在持续的木质植物侵占的情况下.
- 牧场的农村性质使应急响应时间复杂化,带来了独特的野火管理挑战.
研究的目的:
- 量化美国内西部农村牧场的数量,分布,类型和野火风险.
- 评估这些牧场内野生土地与城市界面的范围和特征.
- 为适应性管理策略提供信息,以应对这些环境中新的野火挑战.
主要方法:
- 利用公开可用的数据分析农村牧场的野火风险因素.
- 绘制和量化了美国西部内陆的牧场中的野地-城市界面 (WUI).
- 在WUI与非WUI牧场中比较了木质侵占水平.
主要成果:
- 美国内西部超过一半 (54%) 的荒野城市界面 (WUI) 是牧场,覆盖面积超过100万平方公里.
- 大多数WUI的牧场是农村,其中59%位于距离人口居住区10公里以上的地方.
- 与非WUI牧场相比,WUI牧场的树木侵占的可能性是WUI牧场的两倍,这可能会损害灭火工作.
结论:
- 农村牧场 (WUI) 由于其偏远和易受木材侵占的风险,具有显著和不断增长的野火风险.
- 传统的灭火策略可能对这些侵占牧场燃料不够或不安全.
- 提高意识和社区层面的适应对于管理农村牧场WUI的野火威胁至关重要.
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