在美国代表性人口中,中风幸存者的风险因素管理趋势
Reinier W P Tack1,2,3,4, Jasper R Senff1,2,3,4, Benjamin Yq Tan1,2,3,4
1McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (RWPT, JRS, BYT, TNK, SP, JD, NY, JR, SDS, CDA).
American journal of lifestyle medicine
|April 17, 2025
概括
许多中风幸存者不符合BMI,体力活动和LDL的二次预防指南. 如果不遵守血压和吸烟建议,这些患者的死亡风险会增加.
科学领域:
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 脑卒中医学 脑卒中医学
背景情况:
- 二次预防指南旨在减少中风的复发事件.
- 对于中风幸存者来说,坚持生活方式和临床风险因素目标至关重要.
- 在中风幸存者中,目前对这些建议的遵守率尚未得到充分证实.
研究的目的:
- 确定中风幸存者的比例符合二次预防指南建议.
- 分析从1999年至2018年遵守指南的时间趋势.
- 评估遵守指南与死亡率之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) (1999-2018) 的横截面数据.
- 在分析中包括2197名中风幸存者.
- 在趋势分析中使用线性回归和在死亡率评估中使用Cox比例危险模型.
主要成果:
- 很少有幸存者达到体力活动 (18%) 或BMI (25%) 的指导方针;大多数人达到酒精消费指导方针 (93%).
- 随着时间的推移,对血压和LDL指南的坚持增加了,而对身体活动的坚持下降了.
- 不遵守血压 (HR 1.24) 和吸烟 (HR 1.30) 的建议与死亡率的增加有关.
结论:
- 超过一半的中风幸存者不符合BMI,体力活动和LDL的指导建议.
- 很大比例的中风幸存者未能达到关键的二次预防目标.
- 改善对这些指南的遵守对于降低中风幸存者的死亡率至关重要.
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