未被识别的结核病:涂抹阳性/腔腔无症状病例的危险因素
Jee Youn Oh1, Timothy C Rodwell2, Rehan R Syed3
1Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Republic of Korea, Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Open forum infectious diseases
|April 17, 2025
概括
瘦,男性,吸烟者或患有糖尿病和/或自身免疫性疾病的无症状结核病 (TB) 患者面临更高的传播和死亡风险. 建议针对这些高危人群进行有针对性的查,以控制结核病的传播.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 查无症状活跃结核病 (TB) 对于疾病控制至关重要,因为它具有传播潜力.
- 在无症状结核病患者中识别传播风险因素对于有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
- 了解无症状结核病传染性对结局的影响有助于制定有针对性的干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 确定与无症状肺结核患者传播风险相关的因素.
- 为了确定无症状肺结核病患者的临床结果,特别是死亡率,按传播风险分层.
- 为无症状结核病提供有针对性的查策略.
主要方法:
- 对韩国全国结核病队列数据的分析.
- 包括20455名肺结核患者,重点关注7434例无症状病例.
- 主要结果:与传播风险相关的因素;次要结果:根据传播风险分层的死亡率.
主要成果:
- 与更高的传播风险相关的因素包括男性性别,低体重指数 (BMI),目前的吸烟,糖尿病和自身免疫性疾病.
- 与没有 (7.1%) 相比,具有传播风险因素的无症状结核病患者的死亡率更高 (9.3%).
- 很大一部分肺结核患者 (36.4%) 无症状,其中25.5% 呈现潜在的传播风险.
结论:
- 瘦身,吸烟的无症状结核病患者,特别是患有糖尿病和/或自身免疫疾病的男性,呈现高传播和死亡风险.
- 无症状的个体具有这些已识别的风险因素需要有针对性的查工作.
- 这些发现支持制定有针对性的公共卫生干预措施,以减轻结核病的传播和改善结核病的结果.
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