使用毒品的人群中的真菌感染
Jose Portugal Gonzales1, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner1
1Division of Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Open forum infectious diseases
|April 17, 2025
概括
非法药物使用与升的真菌感染有关,包括候选症和菌感染. 与抗真菌药物的药物相互作用会带来严重的健康风险,包括过量服用.
科学领域:
- 菌类学 菌类学是指菌类学.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 临床药理学 临床药理学
背景情况:
- 在美国,非法药物使用正在增加,导致相关严重感染的增加.
- 静脉注射药物使用是 candidemia 的一个重要危险因素,特别是 *Candida albicans *感染.
- 大麻和其他毒品的使用与菌感染 (*Aspergillus*, *Mucorales*) 和其他真菌感染的风险增加有关.
研究的目的:
- 突出非法药物使用与各种真菌感染之间的联系.
- 为了确定涉及药物相关感染的特定真菌物种和模具.
- 检查常用物质和抗真菌药物之间的潜在药物相互作用.
主要方法:
- 对候选血症和真菌感染的监测数据的审查.
- 分析与静脉注射药物使用和大麻使用相关的风险因素.
- 研究涉及非法药物,抗真菌药物 (三醇,特比纳) 和CYP酶 (CYP3A4,CYP2D6) 的代谢途径.
主要成果:
- 28% - 34% 的候群病例与静脉注射药物使用有关,其中 *Candida albicans* 是最常见的.
- 使用大麻会增加菌感染 (3.5倍) 和其他真菌感染 (2.2倍) 的风险.
- 静脉注射药物使用是 * Aspergillus * 和 * Mucorales * 感染的危险因素.
- 非法药物 (大麻,甲基胺,阿片类药物) 通过CYP酶与抗真菌药物共享代谢途径.
- 抗真菌药物抑制CYP3A4和CYP2D6,增加副作用和过量服用的风险.
结论:
- 非法药物使用是美国严重真菌感染的重要驱动因素.
- 非法物质和抗真菌药物之间的药物相互作用是一个严重的公共卫生问题.
- 对这些药物相互作用的认识和管理对于患者安全至关重要.
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