各种运动类型在降低患有糖尿病外围神经病症的老年人中跌倒风险方面的有效性:系统性审查和元分析
Dongmei Wang1,2, Xiangsheng Pang3, Peixin Shen1
1College of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, 250102, China.
Journal of exercise science and fitness
|April 17, 2025
概括
运动干预措施,特别是平衡和多组件运动,显著降低患有糖尿病外围神经病变 (DPN) 的老年人中跌倒风险. 力量炼也显示出好处,而全身振动和脚训练的有效性有限.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经学 神经学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 糖尿病外围神经病变 (DPN) 是老年人跌的重要危险因素.
- 由于不同的评估方法,关于运动对预防跌倒的影响存在不一致的发现.
研究的目的:
- 审查和比较不同运动干预措施对DPN老年人跌倒风险的有效性.
- 为了确定最佳的运动策略,以防止在这个人群中跌倒.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库中进行了系统的文献搜索,直到2025年2月.
- 包括随机对照试验 (RCT),重点关注DPN和运动干预的老年人.
- 结果指标包括定时起飞和起飞 (TUG) 时间,步行速度,伯格平衡量 (BBS) 和一腿站立 (OLS) 时间.
主要成果:
- 平衡练习 (BE) 和多组件练习 (ME) 显著减少了TUG时间,改善了BBS分数和OLS时间.
- 力量炼 (SE) 减少了 TUG 时间,增加了步行速度.
- 全身振动 (WBV) 改善了静态平衡 (OLS时间),但没有改善动态平衡 (TUG,步行速度). 足训练 (FT) 的效果有限.
结论:
- 运动干预措施有效地降低了DPN的老年人中跌倒风险.
- BE和ME是最有效的,其次是SE.
- 对于静态平衡,WBV提供了部分好处,而在该组中,FT不推用于防摔.
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