心理干预治疗炎症性肠病的心理干预措施
Natalia Tiles-Sar1, Johanna Neuser1, Dominik de Sordi1
1Division of Epidemiology and Biometry, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
|April 17, 2025
概括
心理干预,包括心理治疗,对患有炎症性肠病 (IBD) 的成年人来说,生活质量,抑郁和焦虑略有改善. 心理治疗也有利于儿科IBD患者的生活质量,对疾病活动的影响最小.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学和精神病学 在
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 基于证据的医学基于证据的医学.
背景情况:
- 患有炎症性肠病 (IBD) 的人面临更高的心理痛苦风险,心理健康和病情之间可能存在双向关系.
- 研究了心理干预措施,以提高生活质量 (QoL),缓解心理症状,并可能管理IBD患者的疾病活动.
- 之前的研究对各种心理治疗方法的有效性产生了不一致的结果,这些方法通常与教育或放松技术相结合.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估心理干预对 QoL,情绪状态和疾病活动在所有被诊断为IBD的年龄组的影响.
- 综合随机对照试验 (RCT) 的发现,以提供治疗有效性的全面概述.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (例如,MEDLINE,Embase,PsycINFO) 和试验注册表中进行了全面的文献搜索,直到2023年5月.
- 符合条件的RCT涉及任何年龄的IBD患者的心理干预,与对照组 (没有治疗,假药或积极治疗) 相比,至少进行两个月的随访.
- 数据提取和质量评估 (偏差风险2工具) 独立进行,并使用随机效应模型计算聚合效应大小 (SMD,RR) 的元分析.
主要成果:
- 在成年人中,心理治疗表明,与常规护理相比,心理治疗对QoL,抑郁和焦虑的轻微短期改善有中度确定性证据.
- 患者教育和放松技术也对成年人体质量,抑郁和焦虑产生了微小的短期积极影响,证据确定性中等.
- 多模块化心理治疗显著改善了儿童和青少年的 QoL (中度确定性),尽管焦虑和疾病活动的结果是不确定的或没有评估的.
结论:
- 心理干预,特别是心理治疗,在IBD成年人中可能对 QoL,抑郁和焦虑有适度的好处.
- 心理治疗似乎有利于改善儿科IBD患者的QoL,但其他结果的证据仍然有限或不确定的.
- 研究中干预措施和结果措施的异质性带来了挑战,突出了进一步研究的需要,以澄清IBD的最佳心理治疗策略.
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