揭示口腔和鼻腔微生物群在死后间隔估计中的法医潜力
Ji Chen1, Qi Wei1, Fan Yang2,3
1Institute of Forensic Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
International journal of molecular sciences
|April 17, 2025
概括
口腔和鼻腔微生物群可以估计死后间隔 (PMI). 特定的细菌生物标志物随着时间的推移显示非线性变化,口服生物标志物提供了最准确的PMI估计,即使考虑到结效应.
科学领域:
- 法医微生物学 法医微生物学
- 微生物生态学 微生物生态学
背景情况:
- 微生物群越来越多地用于死后间隔 (PMI) 估计.
- 口腔和鼻腔微生物群在分解和PMI确定中的作用尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 分析不同PMI的人体尸体中的口腔和鼻腔微生物群落.
- 为了确定PMI估计的微生物生物标志物.
- 评估结对微生物组成和PMI预测的影响.
主要方法:
- 16S rRNA基因测序来自34具尸体和10个对照体的口腔和鼻样本.
- 对α和β多样性以及相对丰度的分析.
- 开发用于PMI预测的随机森林模型.
主要成果:
- 确定了关键类 (Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidota,Actinobacteriota,Fusobacteriota) 和属作为PMI相关的生物标志物.
- 生物标志物显示了随着时间的推移而发生的非线性变化,具有特定的转折点.
- 口服生物标志物为PMI估计产生了最低的平均绝对误差 (MAE) (2.16天培训,5.14天测试).
- 结对属级构成的影响最小,但影响了属级生物标志物,口腔部位更稳定.
结论:
- 口腔和鼻腔微生物群是PMI估计的有希望的工具.
- 口服微生物生物标志物提供了可靠的PMI预测,MAE值与已知的方法相似.
- 必须考虑冷条件来进行基因级微生物PMI分析,特别是对于鼻腔样本.
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