鱼类和海产品的消费和过敏性鼻炎:一个多中心病例控制研究
Carlos Regueira1, Narmeen Mallah2, Jurgita Saulyte1
1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|April 17, 2025
概括
摄入蓝鱼,不包括金枪鱼,可显著降低过敏性鼻炎 (AR) 的风险. 相反,白鱼的摄入量与AR概率的增加有关,突出显示了饮食对过敏的影响.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 鱼类消费与过敏性疾病之间的关系还不清楚.
- 之前对鱼类营养素和过敏性鼻炎 (AR) 的研究已经产生了相互矛盾的结果.
研究的目的:
- 研究鱼类衍生营养素与过敏性鼻炎 (AR) 发生率之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 一个多中心病例控制研究,涉及411个AR病例和477个对照.
- 多变量逻辑回归被用来计算调整的赔率比率 (OR) 和95%置信区间 (CI).
- 根据鱼类类型和宏观营养素含量进行了分层分析.
主要成果:
- 大量的蓝鱼 (不包括金枪鱼) 消费与显著降低AR概率有关 (例如,每周2份:OR=0.30).
- 白鱼的消费与AR概率的增加有关 (例如,3份/周:OR=5.49).
- 高的n-6/n-3多不和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 比率与更高的AR概率相关,而高的n-3PUFA摄入量显示出保护作用.
结论:
- 蓝鱼的摄入量 (不包括金枪鱼) 与过敏性鼻炎的风险降低有关.
- 白鱼的消费表明与患过敏性鼻炎的几率增加有关.
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