选择和试验史对精神分裂症谱系障碍因果关系感知的影响
Kai Streiling1, Rasmus Schülke2, Benjamin Straube3,4
1Institute for Psychology and Centre for Cognitive Science, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64283, Darmstadt, Germany. kai.streiling@tu-darmstadt.de.
Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)
|April 17, 2025
概括
精神分裂症谱系障碍 (SSD) 患者表现出改变的因果关系感知,更多地依赖于过去的选择而不是健康的对照. 这表明在判断因果关系时存在潜在的不适应性偏见.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 因果关系感知是受到时间和空间线索影响的基本认知过程.
- 感知判断容易受到选择和试验史偏见的影响,但它们与因果关系感知的整合尚未完全理解.
- 精神分裂症谱系障碍 (SSD) 与判断因果关系的已知功能障碍有关,比如跳到结论的偏见.
研究的目的:
- 调查与健康对照 (HCs) 相比,SSD患者的感知因果关系判断.
- 检查选择历史和试验历史偏见如何影响SSD中的因果关系感知.
- 探索SSD和HC之间依赖空间和时间线索的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 分析以前从使用米乔特发射事件的因果判断实验收集的数据.
- 应用多个通用线性混合效应模型 (GLMMs) 来分析选择和试验历史效应.
- 与SSD和HC患者之间的行为数据的比较.
主要成果:
- 固态硬盘和高压硬盘显示,选择历史对因果关系判断有显著的直接影响.
- 试验史微妙地调节了选择史和刺激属性的影响.
- 与HC相比,SSD更多地依赖于空间线索,而较少依赖于时间线索.
- 在SSD中,随着时间的推移,人们越来越依赖以前的选择,与HC相反.
结论:
- 在SSD中,因果关系感知可以被理解为受过去经验影响的感知决策过程.
- 在SSD中观察到越来越多地依赖选择历史可能代表一种不适应的模式,有助于产生偏见的因果归因.
- 研究结果强调了因果关系判断中的特定偏见,这些偏见可能是SSD病理生理学的基础.
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