身体活动对患有注意力缺陷多动障碍的青少年心理健康的影响:随机对照试验
Chang Liu1,2, Yijian Yang1, Stephen Heung-Sang Wong1
1Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 00852, China.
概括
有氧运动显著改善了注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 的青少年的心理健康,减少了抑郁,焦虑和压力,同时增强了认知控制. 这些好处随着时间的推移而持续,这表明运动是一种有价值的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 运动医学 运动医学
背景情况:
- 患有多动症的青少年面临更高的心理健康障碍风险.
- 身体活动 (PA),特别是有氧运动,显示出改善年轻人的心理健康的潜力.
- 有限的研究存在于有氧PA对内部化/外部化问题,心理健康和ADHD青少年认知功能的综合影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究以有氧运动为基础的PA干预措施的直接和持续影响.
- 评估对内部化问题 (抑郁,焦虑,压力),外部化问题 (侵略),心理健康 (弹性) 和认知功能 (抑制控制) 的影响.
- 为了确定有氧运动是否可以提高被诊断患有多动症的青少年的心理健康结果.
主要方法:
- 一个评估者蒙面的多中心随机临床试验,涉及88名患有多动症的青少年.
- 参与者被随机分配到一组有氧运动组 (12周每周60分钟) 或对照组.
- 心理健康和认知功能在基线,干预后和3个月后随访时使用问卷和神经认知任务进行评估.
主要成果:
- 有氧运动导致了抑郁,焦虑,压力和抑制控制的显著和持续改善.
- 干预后性显著增加,但在随访时没有持续.
- 与对照组相比,在运动组中没有观察到明显的侵略性减少.
结论:
- 基于有氧运动的PA有效地减少了内化问题,并增强了ADHD青少年的抑制控制.
- 干预还显示出对抗性产生积极影响,尽管不持久.
- 有氧运动为改善ADHD青少年心理健康提供了可行的替代或辅助治疗方法.
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