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¹Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.

Global public health

|April 18, 2025

概括

城市空气污染,特别是颗粒物,增加了神经发育障碍 (NDD) 的风险,如儿童自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD). 这次审查综合了证据,并建议采取政策行动,保护发育中的大脑免受这些环境风险的影响.

科学领域:

环境健康环境健康
神经科学是一个神经科学.
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

全球快速的城市化,特别是在低至中等收入国家,正在增加人口对城市环境因素的暴露.
城市生活与神经发育障碍 (NDD) 的更高发病率有关,包括自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和精神分裂症.
城市空气污染中的颗粒物 (PM) 已与脑炎症和白质异常有机械联系,与NDD病理相一致.

研究的目的:

综合目前关于城市空气污染,特别是颗粒物对神经发育的影响的证据.
推研究和政策策略,以减轻空气污染对儿童神经发育的不利影响.
为应对日益增长的全球NDD负担在城市化人口中.

主要方法:

流行病学和机理学研究的文献综合.
审查有关空气污染,神经发育和相关风险因素的现有研究.
对政策影响的分析和对未来干预措施的建议.

主要成果:

暴露于城市颗粒物与ASD和精神分裂症诊断率的增加有关.
儿童发育中的神经系统使得他们特别容易受到空气污染物的神经毒性影响.
现有研究强调需要有针对性的干预措施和政策制定,以保护弱势群体.

结论:

迫切需要采取行动,以减轻颗粒气体空气污染对儿童的神经发育的影响.
需要进一步的研究来了解空气污染,资源分配和NDD患病率之间的相互作用.
城市化国家的能力建设和公平的资源管理对于保护未来几代人免受神经发育风险至关重要.

关键词:

空气污染大气污染可持续发展目标10:减少不平等可持续发展目标11:可持续的城市和社区可持续发展目标13:气候行动可持续发展目标3:健康和福祉自闭症自闭症是什么神经发育的神经发育精神分裂症是一种精神分裂症.城市化的城市化.

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