药品处置方法对环境和健康的后果:一个范围审查
Mohamad Arke1, May A Massoud2, Yara F Mourad1
1Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Environmental management
|April 18, 2025
概括
制药废物是一个日益严重的全球问题,影响健康和生态系统. 有效的管理需要政策,公众教育和行业合作,以防止环境破坏和抗菌素耐药性.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 制药科学 制药科学
背景情况:
- 全球制药产量和消费量正在上升,导致制药浪费增加.
- 药物的不当处置对公众健康和环境构成重大风险,包括水生生态系统的破坏和抗菌素耐药性.
- 缺乏对制药废物管理的全面审查.
研究的目的:
- 对制药废物管理和处置实践进行范围审查.
- 评估当前的处置做法及其对环境和健康的影响.
- 确定研究缺口,并指导未来的有效药物废物管理战略.
主要方法:
- 一个范围审查,分析了来自Medline OVID,Web of Science,Embase和灰色文学的4269条记录.
- 通过结构化搜索策略确定了研究,重点关注药物废弃物,处置方法和影响.
- 采用PCC框架和预定义的纳入标准进行了两阶段选过程,包括67项研究.
主要成果:
- 存在很大的监管差距,特别是在全球南方,基础设施和意识有限,导致家庭垃圾处理.
- 药物回收计划在全球北方更为普遍.
- 研究兴趣日益增长,在2022-2023年期间出版物激增.
结论:
- 迫切需要制定政策,以解决制药废物管理方面的差异.
- 有效的管理需要行业,医疗保健提供者,监管机构和社区的协调努力.
- 关键战略包括监管行动,公众教育,技术创新和解决滥用药物问题,以减轻环境和公共卫生风险.
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