在低收入和中等收入国家采购机构和基本药物供应
Lucy Xiaolu Wang1, Nahim Bin Zahur2
1Department of Resource Economics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, United States of America; Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition, Germany; Canadian Centre for Health Economics, Canada.
Journal of health economics
|April 18, 2025
概括
聚合采购在发展中国家显著降低了传染病药物价格. 国际聚合有利于小买家,而国内聚合则有助于大买家,影响交货时间和药物类型.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 制药政策 制药政策
背景情况:
- 国际采购机构对于确保发展中国家药物供应至关重要.
- 获得主要传染病的基本药物仍然是全球卫生挑战.
- 了解采购策略对于优化药物可用性和负担能力至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析聚合采购对药品价格,交付和传染病的交付时间的影响.
- 为了比较国际采购策略与国内采购策略的有效性.
- 检查聚合采购如何影响较旧的药品与较新的药品.
主要方法:
- 分析了106个发展中国家 (2007-2017年) 的药物采购数据 (抗逆转录病毒药物,抗疟药物,抗结核药物,抗生素).
- 对不同类型的采购机构的结果进行比较.
- 强度检查包括固定效应,仪器变量估计和需求弹性分析.
主要成果:
- 聚合采购与较低的药物价格有关,其有效性因买方规模和市场度而异.
- 国际聚合对小买家和集中的市场最有效;国内聚合有利于大买家和不集中的市场.
- 聚合可以减少交付延迟,但可能会增加预期的采购交付时间,对于较旧的药物来说更有效.
结论:
- 聚合采购策略为发展中国家的传染病药物供应链提供了显著的好处.
- 根据买方规模和市场特征量身定制聚合策略,可以最大限度地降低价格.
- 采购改革应该考虑交付速度和交付时间之间的权衡,以及针对药物的类型.
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