发育性压力对情绪调节期间全脑功能连接的长期相关性
Seda Sacu1,2, Andrea Hermann3,4,5, Tobias Banaschewski1,2
1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
Translational psychiatry
|April 18, 2025
概括
早期的生活压力会根据它发生的时间不同地影响大脑连接. 产前和儿童时期的压力会减少联系,而青少年时期的压力会增加,影响情绪调节.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 早期生活压力 (ELS) 与大脑功能变化有关,特别是对于情绪处理至关重要的前边缘路径.
- 以前的研究往往集中在有限的脑区,并没有探索应激暴露的关键时机.
- 了解压力对大脑连接的影响发展轨迹对于有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查早期生活中的压力暴露时间和任务依赖的功能连接之间的关联.
- 检查不同发育阶段的压力 (产前,婴儿,童年,青春期) 如何独特地影响大脑网络.
- 在ELS之后,确定与情绪处理和调节相关的特定连接性改变.
主要方法:
- 长度出生队列研究,共有161名参与者 (87名女性,平均年龄为32.2岁).
- 在四个发育阶段评估压力生活事件:产前/新生儿,婴儿/幼儿,童年和青春期.
- 在情绪调节任务期间的功能磁共振成像 (fMRI),用全脑概括的心理生理相互作用来计算指导功能连接.
主要成果:
- 压力时间显著影响了特定任务的功能连接.
- 产前和儿童时期的压力与皮下和认知网络之间的连接性降低有关.
- 青少年特定的压力暴露与突出网络与认知网络的连接性增加相关.
结论:
- 早期的生活压力会根据发育时间差异性地改变大脑网络连接.
- 研究结果突出了发育过程中的敏感时期,压力对情绪调节电路产生明显影响.
- 结果强调了考虑ELS时间的重要性,以了解其长期的神经后果.
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