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几十年来,澳大利亚的鸟类通过比尔形态的变化来跟踪气候变暖
Kalya Subasinghe1,2,3, Suzanne M Prober1, Kristen J Williams1
1CSIRO Environment, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Communications biology
|April 18, 2025
概括
鸟嘴大小正在适应全球变暖. 澳大利亚的鸟类表现出与夏季和冬季气温上升相关的尺寸变化,这表明它们对气候变化作出了直接反应.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 气候变化科学 气候变化科学
- 鸟类学 鸟类学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 预计全球变暖将导致物种的适应性形态变化.
- 通过使用经验数据,通过时间跟踪这些适应性反应仍然具有挑战性.
- 据假设,鸟嘴形态受温度调节需求的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查鸟嘴大小变化与季节性气候极端变化之间的关联.
- 为了确定澳大利亚鸟的嘴巴大小是否随着时间的推移跟踪气候变化.
- 测试温度调节假设关于法案形态和气候的预测.
主要方法:
- 利用了57种澳大利亚鸟物种 (Meliphagides) 的博物馆标本.
- 从4119个样本采集地点收集了特定位置的气候数据.
- 在样本采集前的20年中,分析了夏季 (≥35°C) 和冬季 (<5°C) 极端温度频率的变化.
主要成果:
- 发现夏季和冬季快速变暖与鸟嘴大小的变化之间存在显著的关联.
- 观察到账单大小的变化与账单在温度调节和热交换中的假设作用保持一致.
- 证明了账单大小可以通过时间动态跟踪气候变化.
结论:
- 提供了关键的证据,表明鸟类账单大小正在积极响应气候变化带来的不断变化的温度调节需求.
- 突出了物种形态的适应能力,以应对环境变化.
- 提出了关于这些形态变化的作用在促进物种在未来气候情景下持续存在的重要问题.
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