南亚非传染性疾病的负担:分解分析
Jalandhar Pradhan1, Manacy Pai2, Rinshu Dwivedi3
1Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India. pradhanj@nitrkl.ac.in.
南亚的非传染性疾病 (NCD) 负担正在上升,发病率增加和风险因素的转变. 公共卫生干预措施必须针对环境,代谢和行为风险,以有效管理疾病.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 非传染性疾病 (NCD) 在南亚是一个重大的健康挑战.
- 了解NCD发病率,流行率,死亡率和DALYs的趋势对于公共卫生规划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查2010年至2021年南亚主要非传染性疾病的发病率,流行率,死亡率和DALYs.
- 探索导致非传染性疾病的环境,代谢和行为风险因素.
- 分析人口增长,老龄化和死亡率对非传染性疾病负担的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了2021年全球疾病负担研究 (GBD) 的数据.
- 对心血管疾病,癌症,糖尿病和慢性呼吸道疾病的估计年龄标准化发病率,流行率,死亡率和DALYs.
- 进行了性别和年龄特定的估计,并采用了分解分析来确定变化驱动因素.
主要成果:
- 南亚的非传染性疾病发病率增加了3.00% (2010-2021年),年龄标准化患病率高于全球.
- 心血管和呼吸系统疾病的发病率下降,而糖尿病和癌症的发病率增加.
- 尼泊尔,孟加拉国和印度的环境,新陈代谢和行为因素的负担分别最高. 人口增长和老龄化推动了NCD死亡率和DALYs的变化.
结论:
- 迫切需要针对性的公共卫生干预措施,解决南亚的NCD风险因素.
- 战略应侧重于环境,代谢和行为风险.
- 支持健康的老龄化和有效的疾病管理在不同的人口中至关重要.
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