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个体男性跑步者的变化影响累积负载,而不是足部冲击类型
Sarah T Ridge1, Tamarie Trotter2, Joshua K Sponbeck3
1University of Hartford, West Hartford, Connecticut.
跑步的脚撞击类型影响下肢负荷,在后脚撞击 (RFS) 和非后脚撞击 (NRFS) 跑步者之间观察到足和膝盖工作的显著差异. 个人负载模式对伤害风险比群体区别更为关键.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 跑步伤害预防 跑步伤害预防
背景情况:
- 跑步中的足球打击技术是影响生物力学和潜在的过度使用伤害的关键因素.
- 了解累积负荷和足部撞击模式之间的相互作用可以阐明受伤机制.
研究的目的:
- 调查后脚冲击 (RFS) 和非后脚冲击 (NRFS) 跑步者之间的累积负荷差异.
- 为了比较RFS和NRFS运行模式之间的步伐率和下肢机制.
主要方法:
- 一项观察性实验室研究涉及30名男性跑步者 (14名RFS,16名NRFS) 在仪器化跑步机上以一致的速度跑5公里.
- 测量脚步速度,脚撞击角度,加载速度,垂直地面反应力冲动,撞击峰值和膝盖/脚负面工作.
主要成果:
- 在立场时间,脚撞击角度和加载速度方面发现了每步的显著差异,RFS跑步者表现出更高的值.
- 每步和累积的脚和膝盖负面工作在各组之间存在差异,NRFS跑步者表现出更大的脚工作,RFS跑步者表现出更大的膝盖工作.
- 假设NRFS跑步者会有更高的步伐率,这一假设没有得到数据的支持.
结论:
- 脚和膝盖负荷指标显示出基于脚部冲击模式的明显的每步和累积差异.
- 垂直地面反应力负荷模式的个体变异性比群体层面的差异更明显.
- 评估跑步伤害风险需要考虑个人负载模式和与训练相关的累积负载,而不仅仅是脚撞击类型.
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