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相关概念视频

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

301
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

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According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
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Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Social Proof00:52

Social Proof

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Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
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Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

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According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
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Self-Schemas02:16

Self-Schemas

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In general, a schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
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相关实验视频

Updated: May 20, 2025

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning
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Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning

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外国语言学习经验如何影响自我参考效应?

Xiaonan Dong1, Jianshe Wu1

  • 1School of English, Beijing International Studies University, 100024, China.

Acta psychologica
|April 19, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

语言学习影响自我处理偏见. 高级学习者表现出更强的自我参考效应,可能是由于他们采用了西方文化的独立自我构建.

关键词:
中国人EFL学习者语言学习体验语言学习体验.自己构建的自我构建.自引用效应 自引用效应

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科学领域:

  • 认知心理学 认知心理学
  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 获得第二语言的学习.

背景情况:

  • 个人表现出对个人相关信息的处理偏见.
  • 文化体验和原始化任务会影响这种自我处理偏差.
  • 语言学习对自我处理偏差的持久影响仍未得到充分研究.

研究的目的:

  • 为了调查语言学习经验是否会影响自我处理偏差.
  • 检查第二语言 (L2) 学习对自我引用效应的影响.
  • 为了比较L2初学者和高级学习者之间的自我处理偏差.

主要方法:

  • 使用决策任务来评估自我处理偏差.
  • 使用脑电图 (EEG) 来记录与事件相关的潜力 (ERP).
  • 分析了N100,N400,P600组件,以及与自我相关性相关的β爆发.

主要成果:

  • 行为数据显示没有显著差异.
  • ERP数据显示,高级学习者的自我相关刺激之间N400和P600组件的差异.
  • 与初学者相比,高级学习者表现出不同的神经模式 (N100,早期N400,β爆发),这表明自我引用效应更加明显.

结论:

  • 自引用效应在L2初学者和高级学习者中都存在,但在高级学习者中更为明显.
  • 高级学习者,特别是那些有丰富英语经验的人,可以采用独立的自我构建,加强对自我相关信息的关注.
  • 语言学习作为一种中间影响,可能会诱导与自我构建相关的稳定处理偏差.