糖化β-乳糖球蛋白与不同长度的糖链:对结构,过敏性和风味特征的影响
Wen-Mei Chen1, Lin Zou1, Yan-Hong Shao1
1National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of life science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.
Food chemistry
|April 19, 2025
概括
用不同的糖对β-乳糖球蛋白 (BLG) 的糖化通过改变结构和表观物来降低其过敏性. 这一过程也影响了风味化合物的释放,较短的糖产生了最显著的变化.
科学领域:
- 食品化学 食品化学
- 蛋白质化学 蛋白质化学
- 过敏性研究 过敏性研究
背景情况:
- β-乳糖球蛋白 (BLG) 是一种主要的牛奶蛋白过敏原.
- 蛋白质糖化是一种修饰过程,有可能改变蛋白质的特性.
- 了解糖化对BLG的影响对于食品加工和过敏原管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较分析BLG结合物的结构性,过敏性和风味特征,这些结合物与银-寡糖,马尔托,马尔托和马尔托糖形成.
- 为了研究不同糖链长度对BLG糖化作用.
- 评估糖化在降低BLG过敏性和修改其风味方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 用各种糖类化合物对BLG进行化学糖化.
- 使用诸如分子量测定和二次结构分析等技术分析结构变化的分析.
- 通过IgE/IgG结合测定和KU812细胞中的基因组胺/白蛋白-6释放来评估过敏性.
- 使用气色谱-质谱法识别和量化挥发性有机化合物 (VOCs).
主要成果:
- 糖化增加了BLG的分子量,并改变了其构造,将二次结构从α-螺旋/β-叶转移到β-转/无序形式.
- 特定的氨酸残留物 (K47,K83,K91,K135,K138,K141) 被糖化,破坏表位,减少IgE/IgG结合和炎症媒介释放.
- BLG-银-寡糖和BLG-马尔托斯合物表现出最低的过敏性.
- 确定了11种关键的VOC,包括2,3-butanedione和2-propanol-M,BLG-galacto-oligosaccharides和BLG-maltose的丰度更高,与糖化水平有积极的相关性.
结论:
- 通过不同糖链长度的蛋白质糖化显著改变了BLG结构和表观.
- 糖化有效地降低了BLG的过敏性,特别是在像银-寡糖和麦芽糖等较短的糖类中.
- 糖化过程影响挥发性风味化合物的特征,为食品中的风味修饰提供了潜在的可能性.
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