怀孕期间母亲的蛋白质摄入量和母亲和后代的肥胖风险:一个前性队列研究
Hanyue Zhang1, Alistair M Senior2, Christoph Saner3
1Research Unit for Diet and Health, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Section for General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
The American journal of clinical nutrition
|April 19, 2025
概括
怀孕期间母亲的蛋白质摄入量会影响母亲和孩子的肥胖风险. 较高的蛋白质摄入量与分娩后体重保持率较低,妊娠年龄的婴儿较少小,但可能会增加妊娠年龄和儿童超重/肥胖的风险.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 怀孕期间最佳的孕产妇宏观营养素组成,以减轻孕产妇和后代的肥胖风险尚未明确定义.
- 现有研究尚未完全阐明母亲的饮食和母亲和孩子的长期肥胖结果之间的复杂相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查怀孕期间母亲饮食中巨量营养素组成与母亲及其后代随后与肥胖有关的结果之间的关联.
- 确定特定的宏观营养素摄入水平,这些水平可能会影响产后母亲的体重保持以及后代的生长和脂肪.
主要方法:
- 分析了丹麦国家分娩队列中66360例单独怀孕的数据.
- 在妊娠第25周评估饮食摄入量,结果包括母亲产后体重保持率 (PPWR) 和后代出生体重,SGA,LGA,BMI z-score,以及7岁,11岁和14岁的超重/肥胖 (OWOB) 风险.
- 利用混合物模型和响应表面可视化用于交互性宏营养素关联,以及混合限制立方支线用于非线性关系,特别是与蛋白质摄入.
主要成果:
- 平均母亲的宏观营养素摄入量为15.2%的蛋白质,30.2%的脂肪和54.1%的碳水化合物.
- 较低的母体蛋白质摄入量,由较高的脂肪/碳水化合物补偿,与增加的母体PPWR相关,但后代出生体重和BMIz-score下降.
- 在母亲的蛋白质摄入量和SGA/LGA风险之间发现了非线性关联,值约为15%的蛋白质. 较高的蛋白质摄入量与减少PPWR有关,但在7岁和11岁时增加了儿童OWOB风险.
结论:
- 怀孕期间母体蛋白质摄入量较高,与产后体重保持率降低和妊娠年龄较小的婴儿的风险降低有关.
- 相反,增加蛋白质摄入量可能会增加孕期婴儿和儿童超重/肥胖的风险.
- 这些发现表明,母亲和后代肥胖的结果存在复杂的权衡,这强调了怀孕期间需要均衡的宏观营养素建议的必要性.
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