古代土壤中的虫的进化历史和时间表
Pavel B Klimov1, Vasiliy B Kolesnikov2, Dmitry D Vorontsov3
1Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, Mitch Daniels Blvd, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. pklimov@purdue.edu.
Scientific reports
|April 19, 2025
概括
形虫,是重要的土壤分解物,在坎布里亚时期多样化,与早期陆地植物殖民相吻合. 这一发现完善了对早期节肢动物进化及其生态作用的理解.
科学领域:
- 节肢动物 古生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 土壤生态学 土壤生态学
背景情况:
- 虫是重要的土壤分解剂,影响全球碳循环.
- 虫的进化时间表仍然不确定,不同的估计范围从前坎布里亚到石灰岩.
- 来自莱尼尼沙地的早期德沃尼纪化石虫的原始遗传分布是模两可的,影响了分歧测年.
研究的目的:
- 重新检查来自德纪莱尼尼海峡的早期化石虫.
- 为了确定这些古老的虫的精确遗传位置.
- 将新的化石数据整合到Acariformes的时间校准的遗传学分析中.
主要方法:
- 详细的形态检查来自莱尼尼沙漠的化石虫标本.
- 化石的分类学重新分配到一个单一物种,Protacarus crani (家族. nov., 底的子类别).
- 构建和分析一个时间校准的家族遗传树,将修订的化石数据纳入其中.
主要成果:
- 最早的明确的化石被归类为Protacarus crani,Protoacaridae家族,Endostigmata亚序.
- 遗传学分析表明,在坎布里亚时期 (508486万年前) 发生了虫的基底分歧.
- 这种多样化与植物最初殖民陆地的多样化一致,这表明虫在土壤之外的早期生态多样化.
结论:
- 甲虫的坎布里亚起源为关节动物进化提供了关键的时间背景.
- 早期虫化石的精确约会,提升了我们对它们在早期陆地生态系统中的作用的理解.
- 可能在它们的进化历史早期占据了各种息地,影响了土壤的食物网和营养循环.
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