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利用多年生的遗传变异来提高宿主植物对虫的抵抗力

Esha Kaler¹, Pheonah Nabukalu², Ebony Murrell²

¹Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.

Scientific reports

|April 19, 2025

概括

研究人员确定了耐受甘虫 (SCA) 的多年生基因型,这是威胁作物产量的主要害虫. 这一发现有助于通过培育更有弹性的品种来发展可持续农业.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
昆虫学昆虫学是一门学科.
植物育种植物育种

背景情况:

常年作物提供可持续的农业替代品,具有降低耕作和改善土壤健康等好处.
(Sorghum bicolor) 是一个重要的全球作物,多年生品种比一年生品种具有环境和经济优势.
甘虫 (SCA;Melanaphis sacchari) 对生产构成重大经济威胁,导致大量的作物损失.

研究的目的:

选多种多年生基因型,以检测对甘的先天性耐药性 (抗生素和抗异性).
为未来的育种计划确定特定的多年生基因型,具有高水平的抗SCA耐药性.
调查SCA在耐药和易受多年生肉上的养行为和抵抗机制.

主要方法:

使用无选择和选择生物试验选了43种多年生肉基因型,以评估SCA耐药性.
根据虫繁殖和植物损害,将基因型分为耐药性类别.
利用电透图 (EPG) 来分析虫在选择的耐药和敏感基因型上的食行为.

主要成果:

没有选择的生物测试将多年生肉基因型分为高度敏感,中度敏感,中度耐药和高度耐药的集群.
选择性生物测试显示,虫更喜欢敏感的基因型PR376~Tift241进行定居,而不是耐药的基因型X999>R485.
与敏感植物和对照植物相比,EPG分析显示,SCA在耐药基因型X999>R485上的花养时间明显较短.

结论:

确定了特定的多年生肉基因型,对甘虫有显著的耐药性.
耐药的基因型X999>R485显示了培育SCA耐药多年生的潜力.
这些发现为开发可持续的生产系统提供了宝贵的基础,减少了害虫管理投入.

关键词:

抗生素抗生素的使用方法这是一种抗性瘤 (antixenosis).这是EPG的EPG.弗洛伊姆的意思是弗洛伊姆.Sorghum 的意思是 Sorghum 的意思甘的虫是甘中的虫.

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