肠道微生物群调节了小鼠对口服和肠道输入的轮状病毒的免疫反应
Zhenda Shi1,2,3, Sung-Sil Moon4, Jun Zou5
1Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. pst2@cdc.gov.
NPJ vaccines
|April 20, 2025
概括
肠道微生物影响轮状病毒 (RV) 疫苗的有效性. 特定的细菌可以阻断口腔RV免疫力,而改变微生物群可以增强小鼠肌肉内RV疫苗的反应.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 罗塔病毒 (RV) 是婴儿严重腹的主要原因,导致全球显著的发病率和死亡率.
- 目前的口服RV疫苗具有可变的疗效,强调了需要改进的疫苗接种策略.
- 肠道微生物群对对RV疫苗接种的免疫反应的影响仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究肠道微生物群在调节免疫反应对口服和肌肉内罗塔病毒 (RV) 疫苗接种中的作用.
- 为了确定特定的微生物因素和参与RV疫苗疗效的宿主免疫路径.
主要方法:
- 用小鼠模型来评估肠道微生物群对口腔和肌肉内RV免疫的影响.
- 分析了微生物群的组成,并测试了特定的细菌成分对它们对RV免疫力的影响.
- 测量了宿主免疫反应,包括抗体生成和化学激素表达 (Reg3β,Reg3γ,RANTES,Eotaxin).
- 在抗生素诱导的微生物群枯竭后,评估了肌肉内RV接种疫苗的疗效.
主要成果:
- 发现某些肠道细菌,如细分丝状细菌,可以减少口腔RV感染和抗体反应.
- 这种微生物群介导的阻塞与肠道Reg3β和Reg3γ表达的增加有关.
- 在口服接种后肌内 (IM) RV 给药增强了抗体的产生和对 RV 挑战的保护.
- 抗生素诱导的肠道微生物群枯竭改善了IM RV疫苗接种在反应不佳的动物中的有效性,与血清RANTES和Eotaxin的升高有关.
结论:
- 肠道微生物群的组成显著影响口服和肌肉内罗塔病毒 (RV) 疫苗的免疫性和疗效.
- 准或操纵肠道微生物组,或利用IM疫苗接种策略,可能会提高RV疫苗的有效性.
- 理解这些宿主-微生物-疫苗相互作用对于开发更强大的RV疫苗接种方法至关重要.
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